{"id":3473,"date":"2018-10-24T10:05:36","date_gmt":"2018-10-24T10:05:36","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/dweb.pfsgrupo.com\/hospitalcardona\/blog\/2019\/07\/26\/cardiopatias-sindrome-del-corazon-roto\/"},"modified":"2018-10-24T10:05:36","modified_gmt":"2018-10-24T10:05:36","slug":"cardiopatias-sindrome-del-corazon-roto","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/riberasalud.com\/juan-cardona\/2018\/10\/24\/cardiopatias-sindrome-del-corazon-roto\/","title":{"rendered":"Cardiopat\u00edas: S\u00edndrome del coraz\u00f3n roto","gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"text"}]},"content":{"rendered":"
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Publicado por <\/span>Hospital Juan Cardona el 24 de octubre de 2018 8:00:00 CEST<\/div>\n

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El famoso \u00abcoraz\u00f3n roto\u00bb no es s\u00f3lo una met\u00e1fora. Se trata de la definici\u00f3n que desnuda un da\u00f1o que puede resultar irreparable, un s\u00edndrome que deriva de las situaciones estresantes. Acaso una fuerte discusi\u00f3n o el fin de una relaci\u00f3n afectiva. Perder un familiar o un hecho que desilusione al m\u00e1ximo puede provocar falta de aire, que se tensen los m\u00fasculos, que el coraz\u00f3n se acelere y aumente la velocidad a la que fluye la sangre en las venas o que se nuble la vista. Entre otras cosas, todos s\u00edntomas que dan lugar a la aparici\u00f3n de la compleja patolog\u00eda.<\/p>\n

<\/h3>\n

\u00bfQu\u00e9 es?<\/h3>\n

Tambi\u00e9n conocido como \u201cs\u00edndrome de Tako-Tsubo\u201d, \u201cabombamiento apical\u201d o \u201cmiocardiopat\u00eda de estr\u00e9s\u201d. Fue descrito por primera vez en los a\u00f1os 90 en Jap\u00f3n. Se le denomin\u00f3 Tako-Tsubo porque as\u00ed se llama una vasija, abombada y con el cuello estrecho, usada tradicionalmente entre los pescadores nipones para atrapar pulpos.<\/p>\n

Causas<\/h3>\n

El 85% de los casos reportados son mujeres post-menop\u00e1usicas, con estr\u00e9s emocional o f\u00edsico repentino e inesperado causando una liberaci\u00f3n excesiva de adrenalina, que puede da\u00f1ar temporalmente el coraz\u00f3n de algunas personas.<\/p>\n

Algunos desencadenantes suelen ser: noticias sobre la muerte inesperada de un ser querido, diagn\u00f3stico m\u00e9dico aterrador, perder o incluso ganar mucho dinero, actuar en p\u00fablico, divorcio, desastres naturales, etc.<\/p>\n

S\u00edntomas<\/h3>\n

Se caracteriza por tener una presentaci\u00f3n similar a un infarto de miocardio <\/a>(dolor de pecho, falta de aire), adem\u00e1s existe un da\u00f1o mioc\u00e1rdico transitorio, en la cual parte del coraz\u00f3n afectado (generalmente el ventr\u00edculo izquierdo) adquiere una forma similar a una trampa para pulpos.<\/p>\n

En un infarto de miocardio los s\u00edntomas se deben a un bloqueo total o casi total de una arteria coronaria, generalmente se debe a un co\u00e1gulo de sangre que se forma debido a la acumulaci\u00f3n de grasa <\/a>en la pared de la arteria. En el caso del s\u00edndrome de tako-tsubo, las arterias coronarias no est\u00e1n obstruidas.<\/p>\n

Diagn\u00f3stico<\/h3>\n

Debido a que la presentaci\u00f3n inicial suele ser similar a un infarto de miocardio, lo primero es descartarlo, con lo cual es conveniente realizar un electrocardiograma, anal\u00edtica con enzimas card\u00edacas y ecocardiograf\u00eda.<\/p>\n

Estaremos probablemente ante un s\u00edndrome de tako-tsubo si hubo antecedente de un fuerte y repentino evento estresante, ausencia de factores de riesgo cardiovascular (hipertensi\u00f3n arterial, diabtes, dislipemia y tabaquismo).<\/p>\n

El pron\u00f3stico es generalmente benigno, con una mortalidad hospitalaria menor al 5%. La recuperaci\u00f3n de la contracci\u00f3n del coraz\u00f3n suele ser completa y se lleva a cabo luego de unas semanas.<\/p>\n

Tratamiento<\/h3>\n

No hay un tratamiento est\u00e1ndar. B\u00e1sicamente es similar al de un infarto de miocardio hasta que confirmar el diagn\u00f3stico.<\/p>\n

Una vez confirmado el diagn\u00f3stico, seguramente se disminuir\u00e1n los medicamentos, y se quedar\u00e1 como tratamiento los inhibidores de la angiotensina, beta-bloqueantes o diur\u00e9ticos. El fin de esta medicaci\u00f3n es recuperar la funci\u00f3n card\u00edaca, reducir el estr\u00e9s sobre el miocardio y disminuir el exceso de l\u00edquido que se haya podido acumular.<\/p>\n

Una vez producida la recuperaci\u00f3n completa, no ser\u00eda necesario tomar medicaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false,"gt_translate_keys":[{"key":"rendered","format":"html"}]},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

El coraz\u00f3n roto es m\u00e1s que una met\u00e1fora. 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